chå (02_Particles in Asaxi)
chå
Grammatical function
- Particle type: High Binding Particle (Aspectual)
- Function: Completive Aspect / Telicity Marker
- Meaning: “Completely”, “Fully”, “To the end”, “Through to completion.”
Usage Notes
1. The Aspectual Shift (Activity → Accomplishment) When applied to a Derived Verb (Activity / -ů), chå adds a defined endpoint.
- Standard:
shěsonů(To read - Process). - Completive: chåshěsonů (To read through / To finish reading - Process + End).
2. Syntactic Position (Infix) Like other high-binding particles (xă, ná), chå attaches to the front of the verb root.
- Tense Stacking: Tense prefixes (
zè-,pa-) wrap around the aspect marker. - Structure:
[Tense] + [chå] + [Bridge] + [Verb Root]
3. Vowel Bridging Because chå ends in a diphthong (/au/), if the verb root begins with a vowel, the standard bridge -x- is inserted.
- Example:
chå+x+ijo→ chåxijo (To see completely / To watch the whole thing).
Pronunciation
IPA: /t̠ʃau̯/
Example sentences
1. Past Completive To John shěso zèchåshěsonů. John read the book completely (finished it). 2. Future Completive To wo pachåxijo. I will watch (it) to the end. 3. Imperative Completive Chåchỏnůè! Eat it all! / Finish your meal!
Etymology
Likely derived from the root chěcho’ (To close/shut) + å (Time). Logic: “Closing the time” of the action.
Antonyms
- panå (Not yet / Incomplete).
Derived terms
Null