kozètètá ma (63_Social Formulae (Greetings & Everyday Speech))
kozètètá ma
kozètètá ma
Grammatical function
- Type: Verbal Idiom (Apology Formula)
- Meaning: “I’m sorry.”, “I apologize.”
Usage Note
Literally “(I) hold regret.”
- Follows the possession-idiom pattern of sháŕo ma: the speaker carries the kozètètá (regret, “past-hurt”) as a possessed burden.
- Formal: kozètètá ma, cőkă. (“I hold regret — please understand.“)
- Reply (forgiveness): nèŕa. (“It is nothing.”) or xůxůkă. (“Please forget it.” — from
xůxů, to forget).
Structure
[Subject (dropped)] kozètètá ma
Pronunciation
IPA: /kozətətɑ ma/
Pitch Accent
- Morae: ko · zè · tè · tá | ma
- Pattern:
H · L · L · L | H - Class:
phrase
Example sentence
Example 1
- Asaxi: kozètètá ma — to wo då no shěso zènádao.
- English: “I’m sorry — I did not give you the book.” (
då no= DAT 2SG) - Polish: x
Etymology
kozètètá (regret, remorse) + ma (to have).
Synonyms
- kozètètánů (to regret)
Antonyms
- fůjå ma (gratitude)