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nèŕa (Stative Particle) - nie być

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nèŕa (02_Particles in Asaxi)

nèŕa

Usage

nèŕa is the Negative Validity Compound for existence (“Is not” / “Does not exist”). It functions as the negative counterpart to xiŕa.

Structure: It is a fusion of the Polarity Particle ná and the Existence Root xi.

  • Logic: ná (Not) + xi (Exist) + ŕa (Fact) → nèŕa.

Constraints: nèŕa is only used to negate pure existence or definitions where xi is the root.

  • Correct: John shějýnshá nèŕa. (“John is not a teacher.“)
  • Incorrect: John gajýnnshá nèŕa. (To negate specific states like gajýn-ŕa or ni-ŕa, use the infix ná: nágajýnnŕa / nániŕa).

Modifications:

  • Tense: Tense prefixes wrap the negative root.

    • Past: zènèŕa (Was not / Did not exist).
    • Future: panèŕa (Will not be / Will not exist).

  • Proximal Location: Proximal prefixes fuse with the negative root.

    • Example: onèŕa (Is not here).

Example:

Anő shěso nèŕa. NDEF book NEG.EXIST “(There is not) a book.” / “A book does not exist.”

Grammatical function

  • High Binding Particle:
    • Sentence Final Negative Validity Marker.
    • Functions as the Negative Static Copula (“Is not”).

Lexical Aspect

  • State: Unchanging / Static.

Pronunciation

IPA: /nəɾa/

Antonyms

Etymology

A phonological blend of ná (Not) + xiŕa (Exist).

See Also

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