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01_Function words in Asaxi (list)

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This is a list of all function words in Asaxi, with their closest English translations.

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Interjections & Responses

Noun Classifiers

02_Particles in Asaxi

Polarity & Validity Particles

Mood & Agency Particles (Prefix/Suffix)

Potential Mood Particles (Sentence Final)

Subjunctive & Desiderative Particles (Sentence Final)

Tense & Aspect Prefixes

These attach to the front of the verb to define the time or texture of the action.

  • zè- - Past Tense (Simple/Perfective)
  • sỏ- - Subjective Past Tense (Memoric/Nostalgic).
  • pa- - Future Tense (Explicit)
  • o- - Immediate (Just now / About to) When used as a tense modifier.
  • ko- - Remote / Mythic (Long ago / Someday) When used as a tense modifier.
  • hù- - Pluperfect / Past-Future (Behind) When used as a tense modifier.
  • na- - Iterative Aspect (Re-do / Again) _When applied to a verb.
  • panå- (Tense Prefix) - immediate switch / will do now
  • mi- - subjective present (feeling/sensing now)

Root verbs that attach to the front of the main verb to define intent or effort.

  • jå- - Desiderative (Want to)
  • xè- - Conative (Try to)
  • ni- - Inceptive (Start to)

Post-Positional Aspect

  • Note: The Cessative Aspect is handled by the root verb tomo’ (Stop), which appears after the main verb.

Verbal Derivation (Morphological Infixes)

These bridges insert between the Noun and the -ů suffix to define the mode of action.

  • -n- - Performance (to use / function) Default
  • -x- - Interaction (to force / do to)
  • -w- - Semblance (to act like)
  • -k- - Transformative (to turn into)
  • -ŕ- - Generative (to produce / create)
  • -sh- - Privative (to remove / strip)
  • -ch- - Subjective (to feel like / believe)
  • -j- - Visual (to look like)
  • -s- - Auditory (to sound like)
  • -ng- - Olfactory (to smell like)
  • -p- - Tactile (to feel like / touch)
  • -zh- - Gustatory (to taste like)

Degree & Comparison Markers

Prefixes and particles used to modify intensity or compare nouns.

Degree Prefixes (Attach to Adjective/Adverb)

  • xă- - Very / Truly
  • me- - About / Approximately
  • na- - More (Comparative)
  • pù- - Less (Comparative)
  • nă- - Most (Superlative - Warm Source)
  • nýj- - Most (Superlative - Cold Source)
  • năná- - Least (Warm Source)
  • nýjnè- - Least (Cold Source)
  • dă- - very / much / a lot (Augmentative)

Comparative Coordinators (Link Nouns)

  • bi - Equal to (As X as…)
  • nani - More than
  • pùni - Less than

Aspectual Particles

Floating Modifiers (Distributives)

These appear before the verb or noun they modify.

Distributives & Frequency

Connective Particles (Coordinators & Conjunctions)

Nominal (Word Linking)

Logical (Clause Linking)

  • dzè - but / however
  • si - or
  • ŕa - and (clause connector)
  • sèwo - because / since
  • ninå - therefore
  • sèni - so / therefore (mid-sentence fusion)

Temporal & Conditional

Base Temporal Nouns

Locative Temporal Settings

Idiomatic Time

Quotative & Topic

  • tte - that / so / quoting

Idiomatic Adverbs & Expressions

Interrogatives

Relational Particles (NPCP)

These function as Case Markers.

  • to - Subject (Nominative)
  • ă - Subjective Subject Marker (Internal/Emotional).
  • sè - Of / Belonging to (Genitive)
  • bă - Using / By / Because of (Instrumental/Causal)
  • då - For / To (Dative/Recipient)
  • ni - To / Towards (Allative/Goal)
  • izo - From / Out of (Ablative/Source)
  • måmå - Until / Up to (Terminative)
  • zá - With / Accompanied by (Comitative)
  • ga - Made of / -type (Attributive - Fusing)
  • dhè - Topic / Passive Marker (The object being acted upon)
  • ăni - about / concerning
  • då - for / to / for the sake of

Compound Forms

  • dåni - To (Transfer/Giving)
  • måmåni - As far as to (Limit)
  • nixå - For the duration of (Perfect Progressive)
  • bădå - because of and for

Temporal Conjunctions

Subjective Epistemic Markers (To-Predicates)

Locative Prefixes

Proximal Locative Prefixes

  • Proximal: o- (here)
  • Medial: no- (there)
  • Distal: ko- (yonder)
  • Locative: gă- (“Somewhere/Missing”)
  • Attainable: ono- A specific place (“not here but accessible”)

List of Relational Locative Prefixes

Discourse Markers

13_Pronouns in Asaxi

Reflexive & Reciprocal Pronouns

Pronouns used when the subject acts upon themselves or each other.

Numerals & Mathematics

Markers for counting, frequency, and mathematical operations.

Operators

Prefixes & Suffixes

  • da- - hundreds prefix (e.g., dasă = 100)
  • xa- - thousands prefix (e.g., xasă = 1000)
  • -bam - times / occurrences (iteration)
  • bi- - ordinal prefix (e.g., bisă = 1st)
  • pù- - fractional prefix (e.g., pùtam = half)
  • -kam - collective suffix (e.g., tamkam = pair/both)

Units (Unit Nouns)

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