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ni (Relational Particle) - To, towards

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ni (Relational Particle)

ni

Grammatical function

  • Particle type: Relational Particle (NPCP)
  • Function: Allative Case Marker
  • Meaning: Indicates motion towards a goal, destination, or entry (“To”, “Towards”, “Into”).

Pronunciation

IPA: /ɲi/

Usage & Grammar

  1. Physical Direction (Allative): Marks the destination of a verb of motion.
  2. Physical Destination: Marks where one is headed
  3. Expressing Directed Feelings: When combined with the transitive/force infix 06A_-x- (Morphological Infix) in a verb, ni marks the specific object of an emotional state. This construction implies actively feeling at or toward someone.

Example sentence

  1. Standard Motion: To wo ni shěsokam xoxo. I depart to the library.
  2. Stacked Motion (Terminative): Izo kamm måmåni kjèpo aśù. I walk from the building as-far-as-to the tree.
  3. Expressing Directed Feelings: Wo ni John sùkixů. I love John.

Alternative Forms

x

Antonyms

Derived terms

  • niŕa (Predicative Fusion): The result of fusing ni + xiŕa. Means “To be leading to” or “To be destined for”.

  • måmåni (Compound Particle): The fusion of måmå (Until) and ni (To). Used to indicate the endpoint of a path (“Up to”, “As far as”).

Compound Forms

  • dåni (Transfer): Fused with the Dative då. Indicates the destination of a benefactive action.
  • måmåni (Limit): Fused with the Terminative måmå. Indicates the specific endpoint of a path (“Up to”, “As far as”).

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